Field datatypes

1. Core datatypes

• string : text, keyword
• Numeric : long, integer, short, byte, double, float, half_float, scaled_float
• Date : date
• Date nanoseconds : date_nanos
• Boolean : boolean
• Binary :binary
• Range : integer_range, float_range, long_range, double_range, date_range, ip_range

2. Complex datatypes

• Object : object for single JSON objects
• Nested : nested for arrays of JSON objects

3. Geo datatypes

• Geo-point : geo_point for lat/lon points
• Geo-shape : geo_shape for complex shapes like polygons

4. Specialised datatypes

• IP : ip for IPv4 and IPv6 addresses
• Completion datatype : completion to provide auto-complete suggestions
• Token count : token_count to count the number of tokens in a string
• mapper-murmur3 : murmur3 to compute hashes of values at index-time and store them in the index
• mapper-annotated-text : annotated-text to index text containing special markup (typically used for identifying named entities)
• Percolator : Accepts queries from the query-dsl
• Join : Defines parent/child relation for documents within the same index
• Rank feature : Record numeric feature to boost hits at query time.
• Rank features : Record numeric features to boost hits at query time.
• Dense vector : Record dense vectors of float values.
• Sparse vector : Record sparse vectors of float values.
• Search-as-you-type : A text-like field optimized for queries to implement as-you-type completion
• Alias : Defines an alias to an existing field.
• Flattened : Allows an entire JSON object to be indexed as a single field.
• Shape : shape for arbitrary cartesian geometries.
• Histogram : histogram for pre-aggregated numerical values for percentiles aggregations.
• Constant keyword : Specialization of keyword for the case when all documents have the same value.

Reference

• https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/mapping-types.html#_complex_datatypes